Corruption A Development Problem of Bangladesh

The Problem: Corruption Being one of the poorest countries in the world, Bangladesh faces a number of development challenges, which range from economic to social and political. The main development problem that the country faces at the moment is economic.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Corruption: A Development Problem of Bangladesh specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The economic development problem is caused by many factors, but it is mostly precipitated by corruption. In Bangladesh, corruption is considered an endemic problem, which is encouraged by the weak system of government and the inadequate bureaucratic transparency in the country (Knox, 2009). There are statistics that show the extent of corruption in Bangladesh and the effects of the problem in the country’s economic development. A study conducted by Transparency International (TI) in 2010 revealed that about 85% of the families in the country ha d been victims of corruption in that year of the survey. Another study conducted by the same body in 2011 showed that between April 2011 and April 2012, close to $2.7 billion was used by different business people and other individuals to bribe their ways. This amount, according to the TI, is about 14% of the total national budget of Bangladesh (Dreher, Kotsogiannis, McCorriston, 2007). There are factors that are known to cause the spread of corruption in Bangladesh. The first one, lack of accountability, makes it easy for the high-ranking personnel to practice corruption. Nepotism is the second factor that encourages corruption among other unlawful practices. Nepotism results in the appointment of individuals with low level of competency into high and critical positions in the government, which negatively impacts the country’s economy. Another cause of corruption in the country is the weak government system, which cannot set stringent measures for investing, arresting, and p rosecuting the individuals who get involved in the corrupt deals (Knox, 2009). The problem of corruption has a direct relationship with Bangladesh’s economic development. The problem negatively impacts the economic development of the country. Corruption, in particular, affects how Bangladesh relates with other countries and international organizations, especially the financial ones.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bangladesh, as a result of its high corruption index, rarely receives financial aid from financial international organizations such as the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, and the Islamic Development Bank (Knox, 2009). Theoretically, corruption in Bangladesh can be explained as a hindrance to economic development in the country, which emanates from the weak management of the state. The vice spreads in the country as a result of the existence of individual comp anies that exercise monopoly power over the limited resources in the country. The monopolistic organizations influence most of the important decisions that regard the allocation and the use the resources in the country. The organizations, through their influence in the public and private sectors, interfere with the integrity of those responsible for the discharge of public wealth and utilities (Dreher, Kotsogiannis, McCorriston, 2007). Background of Bangladesh Bangladesh is situated in southern Asia between India and Burma and it borders the Bay of Bengal; it was founded in 1971 as a result of separation of Bengali East from the union it had with West Pakistan. Initially, Bangladesh was referred to as East Bengal. The union the country forms with West Bengal is called Bangal. The union is less powerful and is not well known outside Asia. Bangladesh has more than 145 million people, a population that cannot adequately be supported by the meager resources of the country (CIA World Fa ctbook, 1998). The country does not have adequate resources to support its population. The main economic activities in the country are agriculture, animal keeping and fish rearing. The agricultural sector employs more than 50% of the country’s population, which leads to excessive exertion of pressure on natural resources such as land. The natural renewable resources in the country include water, energy, forests, and domestic animals such as fish. The non-renewable resources include coal, gas, rock, oil and sand. The country enjoys plenty of ground and surface water, which it uses in agriculture, fishing and generation of electricity. It also occupies a large area with mineral resources that it exports to other countries for economic gain (CIA World Factbook, 1998).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Corruption: A Development Problem of Bangladesh specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bangladesh is one of the Asia n countries with a unique type of government. The form of government in Bangladesh is described as a unitary secular parliamentary, which is elected by the citizens. The type of the elected government is referred to as the Jatiyo Sangshad. It is this unique type of government and the high population densities in Bangladesh that make the country one of the most popular states in the globe. Although the Bengali people make up the highest percentage of the country’s population, there are other indigenous groups in the country especially in southeastern and northern districts (CIA World Factbook, 1998). The problem of corruption has negative impact on the natural resources and the citizens of Bangladesh. The problems influences the way these resources are allocated to the citizens. In most cases, corruption results in an unfair distribution of the resources in various regions in the country. Companies, politicians and business people use their power and wealth to acquire these re sources unfairly. These groups, after obtaining large portions of the resources, use them to control how the country is managed. The unitary secular parliamentary type of government that exists in the country is a weak regime, which cannot deal with the issue of corruption. This form of government has been blamed for the spread of corruption in Bangladesh (CIA World Factbook, 1998). Discussion History of Corruption in Bangladesh Corruption is not a new phenomenon in Bangladesh. The problem has existed in the country for so many years despite the strategies that the government has put in place in to reduce it. The problem began immediately after Bangladesh disintegrated from its union with West Pakistan. The disintegration resulted in a number of conflicts, which made a number of citizens of Bangladesh seek refuge in the neighboring countries. All this mayhem caused a state of uncertainty and unrealistic expectations, which made people in the country, begin scrambling for power and w ealth. The rich people use their wealth to gain power and have influence over most parts of the country. The end result of these uncertainties has been the problem of corruption (Ades Tella, 2009). The problem of corruption continues to exist in the country despite the pressure mounted on the government by the international community. It is evident that the problem cannot reduce at the moment because of lack of proper mechanisms to deal with it.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The problem is even worse in the main arms of the government that are supposed to address it. The two arms of government, the police and judiciary, which should be fighting corruption in the country, are heavily involved in it (Ades Tella, 2009). Strategies to Deal with Corruption There are several strategies that the government of Bangladesh has put in place to assist in the fight against corruption in the country. The main project that the government has initiated in this fight is the establishment of the Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC). ACC was created in 2004 to act as an independent institution that formulates and enact policies that fight corruption in both public and private sectors (Aidt, 2009). However, the studies conducted by the International Crisis Group on the work of ACC revealed that it is incapable of reducing the incidents of corruption in the country. The efficiency of ACC in dealing with corruption is affected by the government’s influence on the operati ons of the commission. The commission has to get permission from the government before it launches an investigation on public high-ranking personnel, public corporations and the government itself. The commission is never as independent as it was intended to be (Knox, 2009). The last strategy enacted by the government involved declaring the judiciary as an independent body that should operate on its own. This scheme was to allow the criminal justice system to prosecute and imprison individuals found guilty of corruption. The courts were to impose heavy fines and punishment on individuals proved to have a hand in corrupt deals. This system also has never been effective since the government controls most of the cases and operations of the criminal justice system. In addition, most of the court officials are corrupt and they accept bribes to change the course of justice (Knox, 2009). Apart from the government, the international communities have also made a number of initiatives in the f ight against corruption in Bangladesh. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and other international financial bodies have, on several occasions, placed sanctions on Bangladesh in an attempt to reduce cases of corruption in the country (Aidt, 2009). For example, in 2012, the World Bank withdrew its assistance from multi-billion Padma Bridge Project. The mechanisms of the international communities have never been successful as they make the common citizens of Bangladesh suffer instead of the government officials, for whom they are intended. In most cases, the communities withdraw such bans before their effects are felt for fear of hurting the poor citizens of the country (Blackburn, Bose, Hague, 2006). Causes of Corruption in the Country There are several factors that contribute to the high index of corruption in Bangladesh. The first one results from lack of proper laws to guide accountability of the public servants. Bangladesh is one of the countries that still lack str ingent measures to deal with cases of corruption. The public officials take advantage of this to practice corrupt deals. Most of the public servants make away with the gains they accrue from corrupt deals since there are no strict laws to prosecute them (Blackburn, Bose, Hague, 2006). Another contributing factor is the existence of dishonest politicians; they use their power and wealth to reverse the course of justice in their favor. Despite the staggering economic status of Bangladesh, the members of the parliament and other senior government officials are awarded so many luxurious facilities that are purchased by the country’s resources. For instance, the officials are allocated large pieces of land, tax-free costly cars, and houses among other things. With all these amenities, the officials seem to have been put above the law (Ades Tella, 2009). Lastly, the incidents of corruption continue to spread in Bangladesh because of weak religious and family values that do not co ndemn acts of corruption. Most of the households in the country seem to have lost the battle against corruption and are slowly joining the shoddy deals. They believe that they too can prosper through corruption and some give out bribes to enable their children to secure good jobs and places in learning institutions. Although the Islamic religion practiced in the country condemns corruption, it cannot succeed on its own without the assistance of the relevant bodies (Blackburn, Bose, Hague, 2006). Theoretical and Practical Solutions to the Problem Corruption is a common phenomenon in many parts of the globe; it can never be eradicated completely, but it can be reduced significantly if the right measures are put in place. There are a number of strategies that can be used to reduce corruption in Bangladesh. Firstly, the problem can be reduced by educating the common citizens on their rights and the relevance of the laws that govern their lives. The people of Bangladesh can only fight c orruption effectively if they understand their rights and know how the law operates. It is has been discovered that there are low percentages of corruption in the regions where many people are educated (Knox, 2009). Secondly, the occurrence of corruption can be thwarted by creating an independent anti-corruption commission and a strong criminal justice system. The commission created should be given all the power it needs and be allowed to operate as a full independent branch of the government. The commission should ensure that it works together with the criminal justice system, which should also be independent and powerful. The commission and the criminal justice system should set very heavy punishments for individuals found guilty of corruption (Aidt, 2009). Lastly, the government should reform the Electoral Commission to ensure that it only allows individuals of high integrity to vie for various positions in the government. The commission should develop ways of grilling aspirants to determine their level of integrity before they are cleared to vie for any position. This implies that only those individuals who have never been implicated in corruption scandals can hold electoral positions (Ades Tella, 2009). Conclusion and Recommendations Although corruption is a common economic problem in the world, it seems more prevalent in developing countries. Bangladesh is one the developing countries in the world that experience the most number of corruption cases. The high percentage of corruption in Bangladesh is mostly caused by lack of proper laws to deal with the problem. The incidents of corruption in the country are expected to continue for a long time unless an independent criminal justice system and a self-governing anti-corruption commission are formed. This paper recommends the following strategies to be implemented by the government of Bangladesh to assist the country in the fight against corruption: The government should create a judiciary that is powerfu l and fully independent. The government should establish a powerful and independent anti-corruption commission in the country to assist in investigating cases of corruption. The parliament should pass strict laws that carry heavy punishments for corrupt individuals. The government should ensure that there is equal distribution of the country’s wealth to all regions of the country. The government should not interfere with investigations that involve cases of corruption. References Ades, A., Tella, R. D. (2009). The causes and consequences of corruption: A review of recent empirical contributions. IDS Bulletin, 27(2), 6-11. Aidt, T. S. (2009). Corruption, institutions, and economic development. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 25(2), 271-291. Blackburn, K., Bose, N., Hague, M. E. (2006). The incident and persistence of corruption in economic development. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 30(12), 2447-2467. CIA World Factbook. (1998). Bangladesh. Retrieved from http: //www.worldrover.com/vital/bangladesh.html Dreher, A., Kotsogiannis, C., McCorriston, S. (2007). Corruption around the world; Evidence from a structural model. Journal of Comparative Economics, 35(3), 443-446. Knox, C. (2009). Dealing with sectoral corruption in Bangladesh: Developing citizen involvement. Public Administration and Development, 29(2), 117-132. This essay on Corruption: A Development Problem of Bangladesh was written and submitted by user Lance Morales to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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As the missionaries made their way West, they preached the words contained within the Book of Mormon and they baptized hundreds. There were plans to establish a permanent school within the Delawares but before construction began, the missionaries were ordered to leave. The elders of the Church were ordered to leave not once, but twice before accepting their fate and complying with the orders. Parley Pratt seemed to think the orders to leave were due to jealousy as he writes: The excitement now reached the frontier settlements of Missouri and stirred up the jealousy and envy of Indian agents we were soon ordered out of the Indian country. Some Natives rejoiced in the missions and while felt as though their space, and rights, were being overtaken by the missionaries who came to save them. Many conflicts arose from the Mormons moving ever closer to the Natives, pushing their religious beliefs and consuming precious resources that rightfully belonged to the Natives. The populations of both the natives, and the Mormons, were both increasing which meant that the closer the Mormons moved to the natives, the more the natives had to fight for necessities. The Battle Creek Massacre took place on March 5, 1849. The events leading up to the battle were such as this: The Timpanogos Indians were accused of stealing cattle and horses from the Mormon settlers and a group of men were ordered to kill the natives (Revelli n.d.). However, it was soon discovered that the natives had not actually stolen the horses but the order for their execution remained. In the early morning hours, the Timpanogos were surrounded by Mormon men and 4 of them were killed- the Mormons had zero casualties (Revelli n.d.). In 1804, a treaty was signed between William Henry Harrison and two Sauk representativ es which stated that all land east of the Mississippi was open to settlement (Wisconsin Historical Society n.d.). Complaints soon arose that suggested that these two Sauk men had no authority to represent the entire nation therefore the treaty was no longer valid. Twenty-eight years later, Black Hawk was the leader of the Sauk nation. He found his fields trampled with cattle and people had settled on his land without consent. He was met by the militia of Illinois, who were reinforced with the American army. One of the most catastrophic battles of the Black Hawk War, was the Battle of Bad Axe (Fonda 1907). The Battle of Bad Axe took place on August 1 and 2, 1832. As the 400 remaining Sauks attempted to surrender, the Americans showed no mercy. The soldiers continued to fire upon the natives until most them were killed. Private John Fonda wrote about the first encounter: and the Indians raised a white flag The cannon sent a shower of canister among the Indians, which was repeated three times, each time mowing a swath clean through them. 12,000 people had followed Black Hawk on a journey back to their homeland and when the war was over, only 150 Sauk survived (Wisconsin Historical Society n.d.). Not all interactions between natives and Mormons were outwardly aggressive, however. The need for the Indian Student Placement Program, sometimes also called the Lamanite Placement Program, first emerged in 1947 when a young Navajo girl, named Helen John, requested to stay in Richmond to attend school (De Hoyos 1992). As time went on, more people showed interest in the program and the LDS Church seized the opportunity to fulfill their destiny to bring salvation to the natives. The program took native children, who agreed to be baptized, and placed them in the homes of Mormon families to learn the culture, go to school and assimilate into the Mormon faith and then allowed them to return home to the reservation for the summers (Hangen n.d.). There were both critics and supporters of the program. Supporters valued that native children would then be bicultural, and flourish in both their own Native culture, as well as within the culture of the Mormon people. By the end of the program, approximately 40,000 Native children, from 60 different tribes, participated (Landry 20 16). The rate of graduation in placement program students was higher than that of non-placement students and a large number of students were satisfied with the outcome of the program (De Hoyos 1992). Others, however, were not as satisfied with the program. The Indian Student Placement Program was under scrutiny for the emotional toll that it took on the participants and for allegations of abuse. Non-Mormon critics claimed that the program took an unnecessary emotional toll on the children who were taken from their home and forced to live with a family whom they did not know. Others were upset that the Church was using the program as an assimilation tool and not as a tool to better the lives of native children (Landry 2016). Two Navajo children were placed with a Mormon family in the 1970s and they endured traumatic abuse within the home. They have recently filed complaints through the Navajo legal system and they plan to sue the Mormon Church for physical, emotional, and spiritual suffering (Landry 2016). The children claim they endured physical and emotional abuse daily but the sexual abuse was horrific. Due to other allegations and concerns from non-Mormons, the program eventually dissipated. The relationship between the Mormon people and the natives was a complex one, that had both positive influences and negative influences. The Mormons truly believed that what they were doing was in the best interest of the Natives and that it was their duty to obey the word of God. The Book of Mormon states that its the duty of every Mormon follower to bring salvation to the Lamanites. The way in which the Church approached their missions varied however. The Indian Student Placement Program was their passive approach to conversion. The premise of the Program was based on good intentions but some saw the program as a way the Church forced their religion on susceptible Native children and abuse allegations remain. The wars and battles fought between the Mormons and natives are perfect examples that display that the Church was not always as passive when making their wishes known. The Black Hawk War, the Battle of Bad Axe, and the Battle Creek Massacre had devastating effects on the Nativ es. The court cases against the LDS Church from Natives prove that tension still remains between both parties. Bibliography De Hoyos, Genevieve. Harold B. Lee Library, Indian Student Placement Services, 1992 Fonda, John H. Reminiscences of Wisconsin. In Wisconsin, Historical Collections, vol 5. ed. Lyman Copeland Draper.: The Society, 1907; 1868 Hangen, Tona. A Place to Call Home: Studying the Indian Placement Program, n.d. Landry, Alysa. Indian Country Media Network, Assimilation Tool or a Blessing? Inside the Mormon Indian Student Placement Program, 2016 Lindquist, Geraldine. The Indian Student Placement Program as a Means of Increasing the Education of Children of Selected Indian Families, 1974 Ludlow, Daniel. Lamanite Mission of 1830-1831. Encyclopedia of Mormonism, 1992. Online Nevada Encyclopedia. Mormons and Native Americans: A Historical Overview, n.d. Pratt, Parley P. Autobiography of Parley Parker Pratt, 1938. Revelli, Bryce. Brigham Young University, Battle Creek Marker, Intermountain Histories, n.d. Riggs, Lynette. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Indian Student Placement Service: A History, 2008

Essay --

Krista Letz Ms. Crawford English 101 2 Nov. 2013 Prevention of Teen Aggression: Childhood Language and Social Skills Aggression displayed by teens could be prevented at a younger age by parents or teachers. Teaching children how to use words instead of violence or enrolling children in programs that focus on eliminating anti-social behavior may prevent aggression in adolescence. Sixty percent of children who had conduct disorders at age two were still aggressive at five and six years old; and about one-third of aggressive five year olds were still aggressive at age fourteen (Shaw 493). A study by Moffit similarly displayed that eighty-six percent of children who had conduct disorders at age seven, were still displaying the same behaviors at fifteen (qtd. in Dionne). Teaching functional communication and social skills to young children with behavioral problems may prevent aggression in their teen years. Poor communication skills cause students to use violence to vent their frustration. Many young children demonstrate aggression when they are not understood by adults or peers. This aggression will continue as children get older if parents and educators do not teach children how to communicate effectively by using language instead of violence. Children with immature forms of language are more likely to display physical aggression than children with more extensive language skills (Piel 100). Child therapists may argue that verbal communication training cannot always be effective in reducing aggression, and this result can be true in some children; however, in a study by Durand and Carr, establishing functional communication skills was found to be the only solution to reducing problem behaviors (qtd. in Piel 106). Traini... ...ss the country today. Works Cited Dionne, Ginette, Richard E. Tremblay, Michel Boivin, David Laplante, and Daniel Perusse. "Language Delays and Physical Aggression." Breaking the Cycle of Violence. Bulletin of the Centre of Excellence for +96Early Childhood Development, n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2013. Piel, J.A. "Unmasking Sex and Social Class Differences in Childhood Aggression: The Case for Language Maturity." Journal of Educational Research, n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2013. Shaw. "Developmental Theories of Parental Contributors to Antisocial Behavior." Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1993. Web. 31 Oct. 2013. "The Development of Aggressive Behavior in Children and Young People: Implications for Social Policy, Service Provision and Further Research." Research Centre. NSW Government, n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2013 Essay -- Krista Letz Ms. Crawford English 101 2 Nov. 2013 Prevention of Teen Aggression: Childhood Language and Social Skills Aggression displayed by teens could be prevented at a younger age by parents or teachers. Teaching children how to use words instead of violence or enrolling children in programs that focus on eliminating anti-social behavior may prevent aggression in adolescence. Sixty percent of children who had conduct disorders at age two were still aggressive at five and six years old; and about one-third of aggressive five year olds were still aggressive at age fourteen (Shaw 493). A study by Moffit similarly displayed that eighty-six percent of children who had conduct disorders at age seven, were still displaying the same behaviors at fifteen (qtd. in Dionne). Teaching functional communication and social skills to young children with behavioral problems may prevent aggression in their teen years. Poor communication skills cause students to use violence to vent their frustration. Many young children demonstrate aggression when they are not understood by adults or peers. This aggression will continue as children get older if parents and educators do not teach children how to communicate effectively by using language instead of violence. Children with immature forms of language are more likely to display physical aggression than children with more extensive language skills (Piel 100). Child therapists may argue that verbal communication training cannot always be effective in reducing aggression, and this result can be true in some children; however, in a study by Durand and Carr, establishing functional communication skills was found to be the only solution to reducing problem behaviors (qtd. in Piel 106). Traini... ...ss the country today. Works Cited Dionne, Ginette, Richard E. Tremblay, Michel Boivin, David Laplante, and Daniel Perusse. "Language Delays and Physical Aggression." Breaking the Cycle of Violence. Bulletin of the Centre of Excellence for +96Early Childhood Development, n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2013. Piel, J.A. "Unmasking Sex and Social Class Differences in Childhood Aggression: The Case for Language Maturity." Journal of Educational Research, n.d. Web. 1 Nov. 2013. Shaw. "Developmental Theories of Parental Contributors to Antisocial Behavior." Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1993. Web. 31 Oct. 2013. "The Development of Aggressive Behavior in Children and Young People: Implications for Social Policy, Service Provision and Further Research." Research Centre. NSW Government, n.d. Web. 31 Oct. 2013

The Twilight Saga 2: New Moon Chapter 8 ADRENALINE

â€Å"OKAY, WHERE'S YOUR CLUTCH?† I pointed to the lever on my left handlebar. Letting go of the grip was a mistake. The heavy bike wobbled underneath me, threatening to knock me sidewise. I grabbed the handle again, trying to hold it straight. â€Å"Jacob, it won't stay up,† I complained. â€Å"It will when you're moving,† he promised. â€Å"Now where's your brake?† â€Å"Behind my right foot.† â€Å"Wrong.† He grabbed my right hand and curled my fingers around the lever over the throttle. â€Å"But you said† â€Å"This is the brake you want. Don't use the back brake now, that's for later, when you know what you're doing.† â€Å"That doesn't sound right,† I said suspiciously. â€Å"Aren't both brakes kind of important?† â€Å"Forget the back brake, okay? Here† He wrapped his hand around mine and made me squeeze the lever down. â€Å"That is how you brake. Don't forget.† He squeezed my hand another time. â€Å"Fine,† I agreed. â€Å"Throttle?† I twisted the right grip. â€Å"Gearshift?† I nudged it with my left calf. â€Å"Very good. I think you've got all the parts down. Now you just have to get itmoving.† â€Å"Uh-huh,† I muttered, afraid to say more. My stomach was contorting strangely and I thought my voice might crack. I was terrified. I tried to tell myself that the fear was pointless. I'd already lived through the worst thing possible. In comparison with that, why should anything frighten me now? I should be able to look death in the face and laugh. My stomach wasn't buying it. I stared down the long stretch of dirt road, bordered by thick misty green on every side. The road was sandy and damp. Better than mud. â€Å"I want you to hold down the clutch,† Jacob instructed. I wrapped my fingers around the clutch. â€Å"Now this is crucial, Bella,† Jacob stressed. â€Å"Don't let go of that, okay? I want you to pretend that I've handed you a live grenade. The pin is out and you are holding down the spoon.† I squeezed tighter. â€Å"Good. Do you think you can kick-start it?† â€Å"If I move my foot, I will fall over,† I told him through gritted teeth, my fingers tight around my live grenade. â€Å"Okay, I'll do it. Don't let go of the clutch.† He took a step back, and then suddenly slammed his foot down on the pedal. There was a short ripping noise, and the force of his thrust rocked the bike. I started to fall sideways, but Jake caught the bike before it knocked me to the ground. â€Å"Steady there,† he encouraged. â€Å"Do you still have the clutch?† â€Å"Yes,† I gasped. â€Å"Plant your feetI'm going to try again.† But he put his hand on the back of the seat, too, just to be safe. It took four more kicks before the ignition caught. I could feel the bike rumbling beneath me like an angry animal. I gripped the clutch until my fingers ached. â€Å"Try out the throttle,† he suggested. â€Å"Very lightly. And don't let go of the clutch.† Hesitantly, I twisted the right handle. Though the movement was tiny, the bike snarled beneath me. It sounded angry and hungry now. Jacob smiled in deep satisfaction. â€Å"Do you remember how to put it into first gear?† he asked. â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Well, go ahead and do it.† â€Å"Okay.† He waited for a few seconds. â€Å"Left foot,† he prompted. â€Å"I know,† I said, taking a deep breath. â€Å"Are you sure you want to do this?† Jacob asked. â€Å"You look scared.† â€Å"I'm fine,† I snapped. I kicked the gearshift down one notch. â€Å"Very good,† he praised me. â€Å"Now, very gently, ease up on the clutch.† He took a step away from the bike. â€Å"You want me to let go of the grenade?† I asked in disbelief. No wonder he was moving back. â€Å"That's how you move, Bella. Just do it little by little.† As I began to loosen my grip, I was shocked to be interrupted by a voice that did not belong to the boy standing next to me. â€Å"This is reckless and childish and idiotic, Bella,† the velvet voice fumed. â€Å"Oh!† I gasped, and my hand fell off the clutch. The bike bucked under me, yanking me forward and then collapsing to the ground half on top of me. The growling engine choked to a stop. â€Å"Bella?† Jacob jerked the heavy bike off me with ease. â€Å"Are you hurt?† But I wasn't listening. â€Å"I told you so,† the perfect voice murmured, crystal clear. â€Å"Bella?† Jacob shook my shoulder. â€Å"I'm fine,† I mumbled, dazed. More than fine. The voice in my head was back. It still rang in my earssoft, velvety echoes. My mind ran swiftly through the possibilities. There was no familiarity hereon a road I'd never seen, doing something I'd never done beforeno deja vu So the hallucinations must be triggered by something else I felt the adrenaline coursing through my veins again, and I thought I had the answer. Some combination of adrenaline and danger, or maybe just stupidity. Jacob was pulling me to my feet. â€Å"Did you hit your head?† he asked. â€Å"I don't think so.† I shook it back and forth, checking. â€Å"I didn't hurt the bike, did I?† This thought worried me. I was anxious to try again, right away. Being reckless was paying off better than I'd thought. Forget cheating. Maybe I'd found a way to generate the hallucinationsthat was much more important. â€Å"No. You just stalled the engine,† Jacob said, interrupting my quick speculations. â€Å"You let go of the clutch too fast.† I nodded. â€Å"Let's try again.† â€Å"Are you sure?† Jacob asked. â€Å"Positive.† This time I tried to get the kick-start myself. It was complicated; I had to jump a little to slam down on the pedal with enough force, and every time I did that, the bike tried to knock me over. Jacob's hand hovered over the handlebars, ready to catch me if I needed him. It took several good tries, and even more poor tries, before the engine caught and roared to life under me. Remembering to hold on to the grenade, I revved the throttle experimentally. It snarled at the slightest touch. My smile mirrored Jacob's now. â€Å"Easy on the clutch,† he reminded me. â€Å"Do you want to kill yourself, then? Is that what this is about?† the other voice spoke again, his tone severe. I smiled tightlyit was still workingand ignored the questions. Jacob wasn't going to let anything serious happen to me. â€Å"Go home to Charlie,† the voice ordered. The sheer beauty of it amazed me. I couldn't allow my memory to lose it, no matter the price. â€Å"Ease off slowly,† Jacob encouraged me. â€Å"I will,† I said. It bothered me a bit when I realized I was answering both of them. The voice in my head growled against the roar of the motorcycle. Trying to focus this time, to not let the voice startle me again, I relaxed my hand by tiny degrees. Suddenly, the gear caught and wrenched me forward. And I was flying. There was wind that wasn't there before, blowing my skin against my skull and flinging my hair back behind me with enough force that it felt like someone was tugging on it. I'd left my stomach back at the starting point; the adrenaline coursed through my body, tingling in my veins. The trees raced past me, blurring into a wall of green. But this was only first gear. My foot itched toward the gearshift as I twisted for more gas. â€Å"No, Bella!† the angry, honey-sweet voice ordered in my ear. â€Å"Watch what you're doing!† It distracted me enough from the speed to realize that the road was starting a slow curve to the left, and I was still going straight. Jacob hadn't told me how to turn. â€Å"Brakes, brakes,† I muttered to myself, and I instinctively slammed down with my right foot, like I would in my truck. The bike was suddenly unstable underneath me, shivering first to one side and then the other. It was dragging me toward the green wall, and I was going too fast. I tried to turn the handlebar the other direction, and the sudden shift of my weight pushed the bike toward the ground, still spinning toward the trees. The motorcycle landed on top of me again, roaring loudly, pulling me across the wet sand until it hit something stationary. I couldn't see. My face was mashed into the moss. I tried to lift my head, but there was something in the way. I was dizzy and confused. It sounded like there were three things snarlingthe bike over me, the voice in my head, and something else â€Å"Bella!† Jacob yelled, and I heard the roar of the other bike cut off. The motorcycle no longer pinned me to the ground, and I rolled over to breathe. All the growling went silent. â€Å"Wow,† I murmured. I was thrilled. This had to be it, the recipe for a hallucinationadrenaline plus clanger plus stupidity. Something close to that, anyway. â€Å"Bella!† Jacob was crouching over me anxiously. â€Å"Bella, are you alive?† â€Å"I'm great!† I enthused. I flexed my arms and legs. Everything seemed to be working correctly. â€Å"Let's do itagain.† â€Å"I don't think so.† Jacob still sounded worried. â€Å"I think I'd better drive you to the hospital first.† â€Å"I'mfine.† â€Å"Um, Bella? You've got a huge cut on your forehead, and it's gushing blood,† he informed me. I clapped my hand over my head. Sure enough, it was wet and sticky. I could smell nothing but the damp moss on my face, and that held off the nausea. â€Å"Oh, I'm so sorry, Jacob.† I pushed hard against the gash, as if I could force the blood back inside my head. â€Å"Why are you apologizing for bleeding?† he wondered as he wrapped a long arm around my waist and pulled me to my feet. â€Å"Let's go. I'll drive.† He held out his hand for the keys. â€Å"What about the bikes?† I asked, handing them over. He thought for a second. â€Å"Wait here. And take this.† He pulled off his T-shirt, already spotted with blood, and threw it to me. I wadded it up and held it tightly to my forehead. I was starting to smell the blood; I breathed deeply through my mouth and tried to concentrate on something else. Jacob jumped on the black motorcycle, kicked it to a start in one try, and raced back down the road, spraying sand and pebbles behind him. He looked athletic and professional as he leaned over the handlebars, head low, face forward, his shiny hair whipping against the russet skin of his back. My eyes narrowed enviously. I was sure I hadn't looked like that on my motorcycle. I was surprised at how far I'd gone. I could barely see Jacob in the distance when he finally got to the truck. He threw the bike into the bed and sprinted to the driver's side. I really didn't feel bad at all as he coaxed my truck to a deafening roar in his hurry to get back to me. My head stung a little, and my stomach was uneasy, but the cut wasn't serious. Head wounds just bled more than most. His urgency wasn't necessary. Jacob left the truck running as he raced back to me, wrapping his arm around my waist again. â€Å"Okay, let's get you in the truck.† â€Å"I'm honestly fine,† I assured him as he helped me in. â€Å"Don't get worked up. It's just a little blood.† â€Å"Just a lot of blood,† I heard him mutter as he went back for my bike. â€Å"Now, let's think about this for a second,† I began when he got back in. â€Å"If you take me to the ER like this, Charlie is sure to hear about it.† I glanced down at the sand and dirt caked into my jeans. â€Å"Bella, I think you need stitches. I'm not going to let you bleed to death.† â€Å"I won't,† I promised. â€Å"Let's just take the bikes back first, and then we'll make a stop at my house so I can dispose of the evidence before we go to the hospital.† â€Å"What about Charlie?† â€Å"He said he had to work today.† â€Å"Are you really sure?† â€Å"Trust me. I'm an easy bleeder. It's not nearly as dire as it looks.† Jacob wasn't happyhis full mouth turned down in an uncharacteristic frownbut he didn't want to get me in trouble. I stared out the window, holding his ruined shirt to my head, while he drove me to Forks. The motorcycle was better than I'd dreamed. It had served its original purpose. I'd cheatedbroken my promise. I'd been needlessly reckless. I felt a little less pathetic now that the promises had been broken on both sides. And then to discover the key to the hallucinations! At least, I hoped I had. I was going to test the theory as soon as possible. Maybe they'd get through with me quickly in the ER, and I could try again tonight. Racing down the road like that had been amazing. The feel of the wind in my face, the speed and the freedom it reminded me of a past life, flying through the thick forest without a road, piggyback while he ranI stopped thinking right there, letting the memory break off in the sudden agony. I flinched. â€Å"You still okay?† Jacob checked. â€Å"Yeah.† I tried to sound as convincing as before. â€Å"By the way,† he added. â€Å"I'm going to disconnect your foot brake tonight.† At home, I went to look at myself in the mirror first thing; it was pretty gruesome. Blood was drying in thick streaks across my cheek and neck, matting in my muddy hair. I examined myself clinically, pretending the blood was paint so it wouldn't upset my stomach. I breathed through my mouth, and was fine. I washed up as well as I could. Then I hid my dirty, bloody clothes in the bottom of my laundry basket, putting on new jeans and a button-up shirt (that I didn't have to pull over my head) as carefully as I could. I managed to do this one-handed and keep both garments blood-free. â€Å"Hurry up,† Jacob called. â€Å"Okay, okay,† I shouted back. After making sure I left nothing incriminating behind me, I headed downstairs. â€Å"How do I look?† I asked him. â€Å"Better,† he admitted. â€Å"But do I look like I tripped in your garage and hit my head on a hammer?† â€Å"Sure, I guess so.† â€Å"Let's go then.† Jacob hurried me out the door, and insisted on driving again. We were halfway to the hospital when I realized he was still shirtless. I frowned guiltily. â€Å"We should have grabbed you a jacket.† â€Å"That would have given us away,† he teased. â€Å"Besides, it's not cold.† â€Å"Are you kidding?† I shivered and reached out to turn the heat on. I watched Jacob to see if he was just playing tough so I wouldn't worry, but he looked comfortable enough. He had one arm over the back of my seat, though I was huddled up to keep warm. Jacob really did look older than sixteennot quite forty, but maybe older than me. Quil didn't have too much on him in the muscle department, for all that Jacob claimed to be a skeleton. The muscles were the long wiry kind, but they were definitely there under the smooth skin. His skin was such a pretty color, it made me jealous. Jacob noticed my scrutiny. â€Å"What?† he asked, suddenly self-conscious. â€Å"Nothing. I just hadn't realized before. Did you know, you're sort of beautiful?† Once the words slipped out, I worried that he might take my impulsive observation the wrong way. But Jacob just rolled his eyes. â€Å"You hit your head pretty hard, didn't you?† â€Å"I'm serious.† â€Å"Well, then, thanks. Sort of.† I grinned. â€Å"You're sort of welcome.† I had to have seven stitches to c lose the cut on my forehead. After the sting of the local anesthetic, there was no pain in the procedure. Jacob held my hand while Dr. Snow was sewing, and I tried not to think about why that was ironic. We were at the hospital forever. By the time I was done, I had to drop Jacob off at his home and hurry back to cook dinner for Charlie. Charlie seemed to buy my story about falling in Jacob's garage. After all, it wasn't like I hadn't been able to land myself in the ER before with no more help than my own feet. This night was not as bad as that first night, after I'd heard the perfect voice in Port Angeles. The hole came back, the way it always did when I was away from Jacob, but it didn't throb so badly around the edges. I was already planning ahead, looking forward to more delusions, and that was a distraction. Also, I knew I would feel better tomorrow when I was with Jacob again. That made the empty hole and the familiar pain easier to bear; relief was in sight. The nightmare, too, had lost a little of its potency. I was horrified by the nothingness, as always, but I was also strangely impatient as I waited for the moment that would send me screaming into consciousness. I knew the nightmare had to end. The next Wednesday, before I could get home from the ER, Dr. Gerandy called to warn my father that I might possibly have a concussion and advised him to wake me up every two hours through the night to make sure it wasn't serious. Charlie's eyes narrowed suspiciously at my weak explanation about tripping again. â€Å"Maybe you should just stay out of the garage altogether, Bella,† he suggested that night during dinner. I panicked, worried that Charlie was about to lay down some kind of edict that would prohibit La Push, and consequently my motorcycle. And I wasn't giving it upI'd had the most amazing hallucination today. My velvet-voiced delusion had yelled at me for almost five minutes before I'd hit the brake too abruptly and launched myself into the tree. I'd take whatever pain that would cause me tonight without complaint. â€Å"This didn't happen in the garage,† I protested quickly. â€Å"We were hiking, and I tripped over a rock.† â€Å"Since when do you hike?† Charlie asked skeptically. â€Å"Working at Newton's was bound to rub off sometime,† I pointed out. â€Å"Spend every day selling all the virtues of the outdoors, eventually you get curious.† Charlie glared at me, unconvinced. â€Å"I'll be more careful,† I promised, surreptitiously crossing my fingers under the table. â€Å"I don't mind you hiking right there around La Push, but keep close to town, okay?† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"Well, we've been getting a lot of wildlife complaints lately. The forestry department is going to check into it, but for the time being† â€Å"Oh, the big bear,† I said with sudden comprehension. â€Å"Yeah, some of the hikers coming through Newton's have seen it. Do you think there's really some giant mutated grizzly out there?† His forehead creased. â€Å"There's something. Keep it close to town, okay?† â€Å"Sure, sure,† I said quickly. He didn't look completely appeased. â€Å"Charlie's getting nosy,† I complained to Jacob when I picked him up after school Friday. â€Å"Maybe we should cool it with the bikes.† He saw my objecting expression and added, â€Å"At least for a week or so. You could stay out of the hospital for a week, right?† â€Å"What are we going to do?† I griped. He smiled cheerfully. â€Å"What ever you want.† I thought about that for a minuteabout what I wanted. I hated the idea of losing even my brief seconds of closeness with the memories that didn't hurtthe ones that came on their own, without me thinking of them consciously. If I couldn't have the bikes, I was going to have to find some other avenue to the danger and the adrenaline, and that was going to take serious thought and creativity. Doing nothing in the meantime was not appealing. Suppose I got depressed again, even with Jake? I had to keep occupied. Maybe there was some other way, some other recipe some other place. The house had been a mistake, certainly. But his presence must be stamped somewhere, somewhere other than inside me. There had to be a place where he seemed more real than among all the familiar landmarks that were crowded with other human memories. I could think of one place where that might hold true. One place that would always belong to him and no one else. A magic place, full of light. The beautiful meadow I'd seen only once in my life, lit by sunshine and the sparkle of his skin. This idea had a huge potential for backfiringit might be dangerously painful. My chest ached with emptiness even to think of it. It was hard to hold myself upright, to not give myself away. But surely, there of all places, I could hear his voice. And I'd already told Charlie I was hiking â€Å"What are you thinking about so hard?† Jacob asked. â€Å"Well† I began slowly. â€Å"I found this place in the forest onceI came across it when I was, um, hiking. A little meadow, the most beautiful place. I don't know if I could track it down again on my own. It would definitely take a few tries† â€Å"We could use a compass and a grid pattern,† Jacob said with confident helpfulness. â€Å"Do you know where you started from?† â€Å"Yes, just below the trailhead where the one-ten ends. I was going mostly south, I think.† â€Å"Cool. We'll find it.† As always, Jacob was game for anything I wanted. No matter how strange it was. So, Saturday afternoon, I tied on my new hiking bootspurchased that morning using my twenty-per-cent-off employee discount for the first timegrabbed my new topographical map of the Olympic Peninsula, and drove to La Push. We didn't get started immediately; first, Jacob sprawled across the living room floortaking up the whole roomand, for a full twenty minutes, drew a complicated web across the key section of the map while I perched on a kitchen chair and talked to Billy. Billy didn't seem at all concerned about our proposed hiking trip. I was surprised that Jacob had told him where we were going, given the fuss people were making about the bear sightings. I wanted to ask Billy not to say anything about this to Charlie, but I was afraid that making the request would cause the opposite result. â€Å"Maybe we'll see the super bear,† Jacob joked, eyes on his design. I glanced at Billy swiftly, fearing a Charlie-style reaction. But Billy just laughed at his son. â€Å"Maybe you should take a jar of honey, just in case.† Jake chuckled. â€Å"Hope your new boots are fast, Bella. One little jar isn't going to keep a hungry bear occupied for long.† â€Å"I only have to be faster than you.† â€Å"Good luck with that!† Jacob said, rolling his eyes as he refolded the map. â€Å"Let's go.† â€Å"Have fun,† Billy rumbled, wheeling himself toward the refrigerator. Charlie was not a hard person to live with, but it looked to me like Jacob had it even easier than I did. I drove to the very end of the dirt road, stopping near the sign that marked the beginning of the trailhead. It had been a long time since I'd been here, and my stomach reacted nervously. This might be a very bad thing. But it would be worth it, if I got to hear him. I got out and looked at the dense wall of green. â€Å"I went this way,† I murmured, pointing straight ahead. â€Å"Hmm,† Jake muttered. â€Å"What?† He looked at the direction I'd pointed, then at the clearly marked trail, and back. â€Å"I would have figured you for a trail kind of girl.† â€Å"Not me.† I smiled bleakly. â€Å"I'm a rebel.† He laughed, and then pulled out our map. â€Å"Give me a second.† He held the compass in a skilled way, twisting the map around till it angled the way he wanted. â€Å"Okayfirst line on the grid. Let's do it.† I could tell that I was slowing Jacob up, but he didn't complain. I tried not to dwell on my last trip through this part of the forest, with a very different companion. Normal memories were still cangerous. If I let myself slip up, I'd end up with my arms clutching my chest to hold it together, gasping for air, and how would I explain that to Jacob? It wasn't as hard as I would have thought to keep focused on the present. The forest looked a lot like any other part of the peninsula, and Jacob set a vastly different mood. He whistled cheerfully, an unfamiliar tune, swinging his arms and moving easily through the rough undergrowth. The shadows didn't seem as dark as usual. Not with my personal sun along. Jacob checked the compass every few minutes, keeping us in a straight line with one of the radiating spokes of his grid. He really looked like he knew what he was doing. I was going to compliment him, but I caught myself. No doubt he'd add another few years to his inflated age. My mind wandered as I walked, and I grew curious. I hadn't forgotten the conversation we'd had by the sea cliffsI'd been waiting for him to bring it up again, but it didn't look like that was going to happen. â€Å"Hey Jake?† I asked hesitantly. â€Å"Yeah?† â€Å"How are things with Embry? Is he back to normal yet?† Jacob was silent for a minute, still moving forward with long paces. When he was about ten feet ahead, he stopped to wait for me. â€Å"No. He's not back to normal,† Jacob said when I reached him, his mouth pulling down at the corners. He didn't start walking again. I immediately regretted bringing it up. â€Å"StillwithSam.† â€Å"Yup.† He put his arm around my shoulder, and he looked so troubled that I didn't playfully shake it off, as I might have otherwise. â€Å"Are they still looking at you funny?† I half-whispered. Jacob stared through the trees. â€Å"Sometimes.† â€Å"AndBilly?† â€Å"As helpful as ever,† he said in a sour, angry voice that disturbed me. â€Å"Our couch is always open,† I offered. He laughed, breaking out of the unnatural gloom. â€Å"But think of the position that would put Charlie inwhen Billy calls the police to report my kidnapping.† I laughed too, glad to have Jacob back to normal. We stopped when Jacob said we'd gone six miles, cut west for a short time, and headed back along another line of his grid. Everything looked exactly the same as the way in, and I had a feeling that my silly quest was pretty much doomed. I admitted as much when it started to get darker, the sunless day fading toward a starless night, but Jacob was more confident. â€Å"As long as you're sure we're starting from the right place† He glanced down at me. â€Å"Yes, I'm sure.† â€Å"Then we'll find it,† he promised, grabbing my hand and pulling me through a mass of ferns. On the other side was the truck. He gestured toward it proudly. â€Å"Trust me.† â€Å"You're good,† I admitted. â€Å"Next time we bring flashlights, though.† â€Å"We'll save hiking for Sundays from now on. I didn't know you were that slow.† I yanked my hand back and stomped around to the driver's side while he chuckled at my reaction. â€Å"So you up for another try tomorrow.'† he asked, sliding into the passenger seat. â€Å"Sure. Unless you want to go without me so I don't tie you down to my gimpy pace.† â€Å"I'll survive,† he assured me. â€Å"If we're hiking again, though, you might want to pick up some moleskin. I bet you can feel those new boots right now.† â€Å"A little,† I confessed. It felt like I had more blisters than I had space to fit them. â€Å"I hope we see the bear tomorrow. I'm sort of disappointed about that.† â€Å"Yes, me, too,† I agreed sarcastically. â€Å"Maybe we'll get lucky tomorrow and something will eat us!† â€Å"Bears don't want to eat people. We don't taste that good.† He grinned at me in the dark cab. â€Å"Of course, you might be an exception. I bet you'd taste good.† â€Å"Thanks so much,† I said, looking away. He wasn't the first person to tell me that.

Future of Canadian Force

FUTURE OF CANADIAN FORCEHarmonizing to research Canadian Forces can be defined as armed forces set up by Canada and is made of ; the Air Force, Land force and Canadian Navy. Canadian Air Force has 13 bases around Canada, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador and Newfoundland being the major air bases. The bid control and administrative installations are in North Bay and Winnipeg severally. NATO Air Based is based in Geilenkirchen. Canadian Land Force can besides be referred as the Canadian Army whereas Canadian Navy is referred as Maritime Command and a descendent of Royal Navy. The Maritime Command has 33 pigboats and war vessels at the Esquimalt Royal Navy Dockyard on the west seashore of the Pacific and at Canadian Dockyard on the east seashore of the Atlantic. Canadian Command was created in 2006 to better clip response to natural catastrophes and domestic terrorist act commanded by committee officer. Harmonizing to Jayson Myers President of Canadian Manufacturers and Exports, economical challenges and unprecedented market volatility are a fact that Canada is populating in planetary economic crisis.What should the hereafter of Canadian defense mechanism force be?In the close hereafter the Canadian authorities will hold to happen off to keep the military personnels in Afghanistan, , if they withdraw the war, the troops outgo will be the best program to salvage the authorities from shortages. The budget will be cut if they do n't set about their missions ; therefore turning their economic system. Most recent UN missions have successfully proven at enforcing peace ; missions were conducted by armed military. ( National Post Magazine ) Canadian Defence Force requires the reshaping and reorganization of its armed forces. In the past the authorities argued that the traditional arrangement of the Royal Navy, Canadian Army and the Air Force service head and commanding officer might non run into the challenges presented to them in the hereafter. After World War I Canada began to incorporate defense mechanism activities which did n't last long, it was ended earlier World War II, but when the war was over the British Commonwealth existed through the traditional administration. Canadian politicians are non and ne'er have been interested in defense mechanism ; Canadian populace can non get away a portion of the incrimination. Too many of our people think that all we enjoy was ever at that place, was non fought for, will merely go on, without our personal attending. We are no longer doing any attempts in international personal businesss. While some sensible grade of freedom still remains for us under our signifier of authorities, we must confront the fact that this freedom will shortly vanish unless we exercise our rights sagely. Canada must take major strivings to guarantee that we are good plenty informed on the pick of wise leaders – possibly, great leaders. I quote ; Rear Admiral Jeffrey Brock, DSO, DSC, CD, RCN, was functioning as Vice Chief of Naval Staff in Ottawa in the early sixtiess. Canadian authorities needs a traditional peacekeeping even after the undertaking backdown in Kandahar, either under the United Nations regional authorization or NATO. The authorities should guarantee that the picks she is doing are a better benefit to the Canadians civilians and military therefore they need to be really first-class in peacekeeping. The Chief of Defence Staff spoke on the Canadian conflict of inundations, fires and ice storms all over the state and the political agitation across the universe. The extended reforms and the strong battle decrease on the budget and became transparent on the populace they serve. Other types of international securities are likely to come up in the hereafter to contend non-traditional panics like cyber-terrorism and terrorist act. Human rights issues such as nutrient entree, clean H2O entree, energy, ecological debasement and infective diseases. Security along the boundary lines is no longer an entirely measured in geographic boundary line, therefore keeping and procuring a boundary line requires impact on economic figures, so as pandemics such as swine grippe, HIV/AIDS, clime alteration and struggles between the provinces can non be easy prevented. Defense mechanism policy has to find a manner to avoid its permeableness to money crisis, migration, engineering and diseases. Canada has improved on how to react in struggles created by different ethnics and faith. Besides non-Canadians who have entree to unsafe arms used in guerilla warfare needs a force that can analyse and make up one's mind between the terrorist act. Assorted provinces that are willing to lend their military personnels and constabularies will hold to accept and hold to the challenges that awaits them in peacekeeping, therefore traveling from the traditional peacekeeping which is maintained by CF personals. The duologue between the province members helps in casualties and costs. CF experience in Afghanistan has a large value in polishing usage of advanced engineering in struggle state of affairss. Police and military personnels who have no experience therefore preparation and back uping them can help in the UN mission. An identified and a functional bid and communicating system is important in peacekeeping. A major dissension has been on civil military coordination and civil military cooperation at the tactical and operational degrees.What are the major menaces to Canadian security today?The Canadian Security Intelligence Service is an internal security of the Canadian Government which is responsible for analysing coverage and roll uping information needed on menaces to Canada National Security. The Canadian security Intelligence Service was established following the McDonald Commission if Inquiry in 1984. The service is responsible for early warnings to the authorities and bureaus on the suspected activities that threatens the state ‘s security. Due to the rise of terrorist act and the death of the Cold War, Canada Security Intelligence Service has put across a public safety precedence. This can be seen in the high proportion of resources devoted to counter-terrorism.Some of the activities that menace CanadaSabotageThese are activities conducted in order to jeopardize the safety, security, public or private belongings, and make fear to the Canadian people.EspionageThese are conducted for the intent of desiring to get improper agencies of informations or sensitive political assets, economical plus, military arms and besides unauthorised foreign communicating to other organisation.TerrorismThis is the menace or usage of force to seek and oblige the Canadian ‘s authorities to move or follow with their demands. Some of these activities may take to decease to people, devastation of public and private belongingss. Character assassinations, bomb menaces, surety pickings are merely illustrations of some of those activities tha t endanger the day-to-day live of Canadians.The actions may be to coerce a given political response.CorruptionThese are intended to other throw the authorities by force and usage of force. Corruption seeks to destruct the electoral, legislative, administrative and judicial procedures of the state. Harmonizing to the CBC intelligence the National Security Policy was talked in parliament 2004, they outlined a wide range security, and public safety to protect the people of Canada. The authorities set aside about $ 690 million for the action program and model. ( CBC News Online | April 27, 2004 ) The Deputy Prime Minister and Public Safety ; Minister Anne McLellan ; said the program titled Procuring an Open Society: the policy is based on three national security involvements: First ; protecting Canada and her people place and abroad. Second ; lending to international security. Third ; guaranting Canada is non a base for menaces. In the address made to W.P.D. Elcock Director of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service to the Vancouver Board of Trade, it was said that the Al-Qaeda still remains the most unsafe organisation of international range. It still continues to have its support from the terrorist groups like Sunni or persons across the universe.What Does the Security and Intelligence Do?The service contributes safety and security to its people, therefore the service must judge the growing of menaces supplying good advice to political leaders and what steps of bar they can take. The work of the service is ; supplying the authorities with advice on specific menaces to the state. Supplying the intelligence that is used by the authorities for its day-to-day usage and for long term scope development in determination devising. The service entree major issues and events impacting her involvements. They investigate assess menaces to the security on her people.CANADIAN ALLIANCEThis was a party that was in betw een 2000 and 2003, the party was a replacement to Reform Party of Canada and made a interruption through and was positioned as the Official Opposition. It supported all the policies and seeked decrease of the authorities disbursement and decrease of revenue enhancements. The confederation of Canadian Dietetic Regulatory Bodies consists of 10 equal and independent dietary regulative organic structures. Its intent is to protect public. It is besides responsible for reflecting current dietary pattern and model The function of regulative in the populace have authorized and is responsible for executing these ; construing dietary Scopess of patterns, such as restricted activities. Establishing, implementing and keeping the criterions for the ethnics, behavior and go oning competency. Protecting professional rubrics and appellations into distinguishing regulate and unregulated nutrition. Ensuring dietary instruction and preparation plans meet their demands for enrollments. Assessing and registering qualified appliers in their provincial legal powers. Investigating and deciding ailments about a dietician ‘s pattern, and fit pattern. Some of the aims of the Alliance are ; developing common model to set up criterions for entry to pattern and go oning competence. Facilitating labour mobility for dietetics. Communicating with the external groups on affairs related to the ordinances of the dieticians in the state. International Migrants ‘ Alliance Harmonizing to Asian Pacific Mission for Migrants adult females are the most exploited people in the universe. Those who are oppressed largely are migratory ‘s workers and immigrants whom are non-documented. These conditions have increased due to the failure of non-neo-liberal globalization and that has lead to many prejudiced policies posed by the authorities. The policy is a national confirmation strategy of Thailand which is to put phases for monolithic crackdowns on foreign workers and migrators. Queerly some states in the part where barbarous onslaughts have occurred besides are willing to shortly come up with the rights of adult females and immature kids. International of Canada and the Public Service Alliance of Canada was held in 2010, April. The party agreed on the major outstanding points presented, these are ; paid vacations, torments, holidaies, staffing processs, suspension and subject, and layoff callback.Industrial AllianceIndustrial Alliance Insurance and Financial Service was founded in 1892 which is a life and wellness insurance company which offers a big assortment of life and wellness insurance merchandises. It is besides the 4th largest insurance company in Canada.

Cross culture Management problems in an Organization

Cross culture Management problems in an Organization 17Cross culture Management problems in an OrganizationIntroductionThere are times when a company hears the reasons for a project failure or an International deal termination in between that are due to lack of understanding problem, disgruntled employees, team work and similar to those. Just think for a second if a Nurse does not communicate to the doctor that he is not operating on right leg, or if there is a communication gap between pilot and copilot regarding the landing issues. We hardly consider International communication problem in Business is of such a big issue. But it is a critical component.There is an assumption that important information should be communicated to people who need to know. It is in your hand what to say but it is not in your control that what the other person understands. It happens in diverse organization where different managers belongs to different cultures are sending conflicting messages to a subordinate describing about priorities.With respect to abo ve all issues which lead to communication barrier and consequently have an impact on the attainment of goal, it is important to identify this problem at the initial stage so not to put on stake the success.There is one more barrier to the effective communication is the style of communication which fails to express the relevant thought adequately. It is important for sender to anticipate possible causes of misperception which results into poor communication. Senders also lack in understanding the perspective on the way people would receive the message, especially when there is a complexity leading to difficulties. As mentioned above all these lead to distrust, confusion and low morale among employees. A very common problem in communication is seen in multinational companies here employees belong to different cultural background and have difficulty in...

Students should not do H.W after school day Essay

Students should not do H.W after school day - Essay Example Adding more studies in the evening only makes it worse for them. Their minds cannot focus accurately in academics at this time of the day, and all they require is some time to rest. This resting period is vital since it allows the brain to process whatever they learned during the day, and to internalize it. Secondly, sporting activities are neglected over the excuse of having too much homework to do after school. The lack of sports and gaming activities creates lazy and unhealthy students, since they have no time to keep fit. The hours after the school day should be used by the sports teams to practice and perfect their gaming techniques. These sporting activities are essential for brain growth and development. They relieve students of any stress they got in class. This time, when used in sports, will allow for the planning of tournaments with the neighboring schools and other community teams. These tournaments create new social networks that are very useful in life. They also enhance the sharing of ideas and knowledge among students of different schools (McManus, 2005). Another reason why students should not do homework after the school day is taking part in community work (Royse, 1999). There are many voluntary activities that students can take part in, including the cleaning of the environment, visiting the sick and attending to the homeless people. They can also plant trees and hold community education forums, whereby they can educate the public on matters affecting the modern world. Such factors include soil erosion, environmental pollution, communicable diseases, and wildlife conservation. These forums are important in enlightening the community. The charity events that involve taking care of the less fortunate also help build responsible, understanding and caring students (Hothersall, 2010). It is also clear that some students have after-school jobs to cater for their school fees (Lincoln, 1999). As such, they should be

The Economics of the Doll and Car Industry in the USA and in China Term Paper

The Economics of the Doll and Car Industry in the USA and in China - Term Paper Example Doll Production Doll production does not involve much heavy equipment to carry out its industrial production according to the movie. Considering the fact that doll making could be very convoluted and intricate at some point, it requires more labor force than machines since most machines do not have the capability to perform extremely complicated tasks with high levels of precision. Also, doll production takes in a lot of workers to work on the quality checking, dressing, molding phase, and assembling. Looking at the conditions, doll manufacturers have lower production as compared to other industries such as the car industry in that doll industry implements labor intensity rather than capital intensity. This is the reason why the doll industry employs several hundreds to thousands of workers to meet its production quota. It’s vivid from the movie that doll production goes through several phases. These phases includes, molding body parts, assembling of the body parts, varying doll colors, doll dressing, quality check and packaging. Most of the China dolls are manufactured by low fired ceramic. The doll heads are labeled easily lost stickers inside the heads. Certainly, each phase calls for a lot of workers to perform each type of operation. Consequently, the current doll production process entails not just lower production but also higher production cost as doll manufacturers have to remunerate a considerable number of workers. Car Production In car production employs capital intensity in the manufacture of the cars. Car manufacturers use a large part of its capital to purchase and install extremely heavy and costly machines and robots rather than workers to carry out its production. (Economy Watch, â€Å"Capital Intensive Industry†). One fine example is the recently constructed Honda assembly plant in Wuhan, Central China. This new Honda facility poses a capability to produce thousands of cars annually. As a matter of fact, as stated on the video, DFAC Honda has produced 164,200 units in 2008 alone; and this is still way short to the facility’s maximum production capacity of 240,000 cars. Honda also underwent a joint venture, which combined Guangzhou Honda and DFAC Honda. This merger has resulted into Honda being one of the top five selling car brands, 470,000 units sold annually, and two independent channels of sales. Also, 95% of this production was sold in China, and 70% of the auto parts were supplied locally. Honda’s high production can be attributed to its implementation of capital intensity. It uses heavy equipment and high-priced machines to work as substitute for the labor force. In general, car manufacturers prefer this strategy in their production because it entails high production but lesser production cost. In the video, Honda installs hundreds of robots and heavy machines to build cars. These robots and machines work simultaneously and coordinately for a faster and more precise assembly of cars. Capital-intensive industries such as Honda do not necessarily discount the importance of labor force. Car manufactures still employ labor force to perform very important functions in the installation of small auto parts and for checking the quality of the car; although, car production requires smaller number of workers. Labor Intensity Labor intensity involves a large number of employees or longer hours of work from its employees in order to meet certain production quota. The production cost can be measured by taking the proportion between the labor cost and the capital cost. In the case of doll production, a lot of human labor is implicated since. This is because it involves a lot of complicated tasks and high levels of precision in the making unlike the car industry whereby human labor is minimal. This makes the doll industry is labor intensive. Capital Intensity Capital intensity entails an investment of the capital to heavy and expensive machines to act as substitute for a